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The New World

Making Wine and Eating Gold – The History of the New World

You like gold so much?  Try eating it.

You like gold so much? Try eating it.

More from La Historia del Mondo Nuovo di M. Girolamo Benzoni Milanese, Venetia, 1565 (an English translation published by the Hakluyt Society, 1857, and extracted below, is here in its entirety)

Of those whom they caught alive especially the captains they used to tie the hands and feet throw them down on the ground and pour gold into their mouth saying “Eat eat gold Christian;” and the more to ill treat and disgrace them with knives made of flint some cut off an arm some a shoulder others a leg and then roasting it on the embers eat it, dancing and singing, suspending the bones in their temples, or in the houses of their chiefs as trophies of victory.

Making corn wine.

Making corn wine.

Since I have treated of the making of bread I ought also to describe their making of wine especially that from maize. The molandaie, taking a quantity of grain that seems to them sufficient for the wine or chichia intended to be made, and having ground it, they put it into water in some large jars and the women who are charged with this operation, taking a little of the grain, and having rendered it somewhat tender in a pipkin hand it over to some other women, whose office it is to put it into their mouths and gradually chew it then with an effort they almost cough it out upon a leaf or platter and throw it into the vase with the other mixture for otherwise this wine or rather this beverage would have no strength It is then boiled for three or four hours after which it is taken off the fire and left to cool when it is poured through a cloth and is esteemed good in proportion as it intoxicates in the same way as if people drank real wine .

Benzoni goes on to describe some other beverages and then fruit trees:

They also make wines of other kinds of honey of fruits and of roots but these do not intoxicate as the first does. They have a great many plants that produce a sort of wild grapes and their berries are like the sloes that grow among thorns with black skins but from the stone being large and surrounded by very little pulp they do not make wine of them. There are some trees that produce olives but smelling horribly and tasting worse. And they have other fruits in abundance such as houi, plantains, pines, guaiave (guavas) mamei (mammie, apples), and guanavana (sour sops) the houi are like scanari (Canary plums) with a large stone and little fruit, when ripe they are yellow. Its tree is large the leaves small and taste acid. The plantain is a fruit much longer than it is broad and the little ones bananas are much better than the large ones. The leaves are about a foot and a half broad and four feet long among the leaves there rises a stem producing a hundred or more small plantains or twenty five or upwards of large ones.

Some of the first depictions of New World fruit trees.  1565.

Some of the first depictions of New World fruit trees. 1565.

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